4.0 Comprehensive Damage Assessment
The consequences of a dog bite can extend beyond the initial wound and risk of infection, leading to long-term physical and psychological harm.
4.1 Long-Term Physical Sequelae
- Deep Tissue Damage: Severe bites can affect underlying muscles, tendons, nerves, and blood vessels, potentially leading to permanent functional loss or disability. Bites near joints can restrict mobility.
- Bone Fractures: While rare in adults, forceful bites can cause bone fractures, particularly in children and the elderly, who have more fragile bones.
- Cosmetic and Aesthetic Damage: Bites on visible areas such as the face, hands, and arms can result in permanent scars, skin discoloration, or deformities. This can negatively impact an individual’s self-confidence and social life.
4.2 Psychological Trauma
A dog bite can have profound psychological effects, especially on children and sensitive individuals.
- Cynophobia: The development of an intense and persistent fear of dogs is a common outcome.
- Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): In more severe cases, individuals may develop PTSD, characterized by recurring nightmares, anxiety, panic attacks, and avoidance of places or situations associated with the event.